煤矿水害风险量化评价方法

为提高煤矿防治水管理水平，预防和消除矿井水害，在层次分析法的基础上建立中性值作为参照对象对矿井水害风险进行实时评判的方法。根据《煤矿防治水细则》建立以矿井水文地质类型、矿井涌水量标准分数、突水预兆、采掘面位置、探水结果为准则层的层次结构模型，并对各评价指标赋权。依据制定的水害风险评价指标的评分细则和监测监控数据并结合其权重得到水害评价总得分。通过总得分与中性参照分数比较得出预测结果:水害评价总得分大于中性参照分数，证明水害的威胁小，分数越高越安全；反之则水害的威胁较大，分数越低越危险，这时需要加强防治水的力度，令评价分数管控大于中性参照分数。这种方法依赖于井下监测监控数据进行量化评价，能实时、客观、全面且准确地反映煤矿水害的风险情况。     

大气环境监测全过程质量控制研究

我国经济飞快的发展速度,不但丰富了人们的生活内容、方便了人们的生活,而且还在人们生活中产生了一些负面影响,大气污染问题已经引起了国家政府以及我国民众的一致关注,国家还为此制定并颁布了相关的整顿治理措施,在大气环境治理方面,大气监测是重要手段,本文对大气环境监测全过程质量控制问题展开分析研究。     

安全信息认知对心理安全感的作用机理研究

为揭示安全信息认知对员工心理安全感的影响，把握信息时代背景下心理安全感的研究趋势。基于安全信息认知的背景与特征，构建心理安全感的安全信息认知流程模型。通过描述安全信息对心理安全感的影响机理，从需要、动机、意识、期望剖析心理安全感的安全信息认知动力，归纳心理安全感的安全信息认知偏好，并从风险管控、安全氛围、安全管理落地、安全防护措施设计、员工安全生产积极性方面论述心理安全感在企业的应用对策。研究表明，员工安全信息认知对其心理安全感具有重要影响，是引起心理安全感波动的关键因素，也为心理安全感在企业的应用提供指导。     

石油化工企业含苯胺消防污水处理技术研究

针对石油化工企业含苯胺的消防污水,利用基于过氧化氢和氯化铁为氧化剂的深度氧化技术,通过氧化、絮凝、过滤和吸附对消防污水进行处理。实验确定氧化剂的投加量为理论投加量,氧化时间1.0h,消防污水pH值为6.86时,絮凝剂最佳使用浓度约为2%,消防污水中苯胺和COD去除率达到99.5%以上,达到了消防污水处理效果。     

某处理厂CASS池改造工艺选择及运行效果

随着污水处理厂排到受纳水体标准的不断提高及区域污染物排放限值的要求,已建的污水处理厂需要提标改造提高排放标准。本文所提工程对现有的CASS池进行改造,通过投加悬浮填料形成CASS+MBBR工艺,其中TN污染物的去除率可提高到8%~15%间,其它污染物也能达到预期的设计标准。     

生物柴油产业链分析

生物柴油是指由植物油、动物油脂等制备得到的单烷烃酯类。它是一种环境友好、清洁排放的燃料,因此是非常理想的石油柴油替代燃料。本文从生物柴油产业链中的原料来源、生产工艺、产品应用以及其效益等方面对这种新型的清洁燃料进行了简单介绍。总之,生物柴油是一种很有发展前景的生物质燃料。     

Systematic review on the implementation methodologies of inherent safety in chemical process

The accomplishments of inherent safety in the field of loss prevention thus far are impressive due to its scientific philosophy: reducing risks at source rather than adding engineered and procedural protections. Generally, the implementation of inherent safety can be done through a cohesive set of fourteen principles elucidated by Kletz and Amyotte. This work, guided by the fourteen principles, presents a systematic review on the implementation methodologies of inherent safety. Firstly, PRISMA procedure was adopted to select eligible literatures according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. After obtaining the selected literatures, the preference, level of application, and gaps in using these principles were critically analyzed. Of the fourteen principles, intensification, substitution, attenuation, simplification, limitation of effects, and avoidance of knock-on effects are preferable to implementing inherent safety in chemical process. Although the remaining principles are also potentially useful, they are not commonly used due to their costs and complexities of implementation. Overall, this work presents a complete spectrum to look across the implementation methodologies of inherent safety and concludes with some holistic and inclusive approaches as future research recommendations.     

我国腈纶废水物化预处理方法的研究进展

结合我国腈纶废水的特征,系统归纳了近年来我国腈纶废水常用物化预处理方法的研究进展。物化预处理方法包括内电解法、混凝法、Fenton氧化法、电解法、臭氧氧化法、光催化氧化法、微波法等。这些方法普遍存在高成本、高能耗、实际运行费用大等问题。对未来物化预处理方法的研究方向提出了建议。最后指出,腈纶废水的处理应朝着节能高效和资源化的方向发展,推动我国腈纶废水处理技术的不断进步和完善。     

Sources of underground CO: Crushing and ambient temperature oxidation of coal

As a harmful gas in underground coal mine, CO seriously threatened the safety of miners. Currently, the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf is generally considered as the main source of underground CO. CO gas is also widely used as an indicator gas in fire prediction in mines. However, high concentrations of CO are also detected in some mines without spontaneous combustion of coal. Therefore, in the paper, with four ranks of coal, we studied other two potential CO sources: crushing and oxidation at ambient temperature. The more completely crushed coal produces more CO. The concentration of generated CO is inversely proportional to moisture content in coal. Therefore, the addition of water can inhibit the generation process of CO during the crushing process of coal. Lignite with low metamorphic grade can be oxidized to produce CO at ambient temperature (25 °C), and anthracite with high coal rank can be only oxidized to produce CO at 60 °C. Infrared spectra indicated that the coal with rich aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups are more susceptible to oxidation at room temperature. Moreover, the smaller particle size of coal is more beneficial to the oxidation at ambient temperature to generate CO. CO generation during coal oxidation is also closely related to the ventilation rate.     

中和共沉淀—铁氧体法处理含镍、铬废水的实验研究

利用中和共沉淀—铁氧体法处理甘肃某稀有金属生产企业产生的含镍、铬废水,同时对该废水的处理工艺条件进行了实验研究。经测定,废水中Ni 2+质量浓度为50mg/L,Cr(Ⅲ)质量浓度为87mg/L。通过实验得到处理工艺的最佳条件:投料摩尔比(Fe2+/(Ni 2++Cr2O2-7))为9,pH=9,温度为70℃。出水中镍、铬均可达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中第一类污染物最高允许排放浓度的要求,为中和共沉淀—铁氧体法处理混合重金属废水的工艺条件研究提供了参考。